Know about central schemes

1. Policies for Old Age People

1. Policies for Old Age People

Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana (PMVVY) (2017)

A pension scheme for senior citizens, providing assured returns for elderly people. It was launched by the Ministry of Finance and is aimed at providing social security during old age. Under this scheme, senior citizens can invest in fixed-income schemes with a guaranteed interest rate of 8% per annum.

National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP):

Although it was introduced before 2014, the BJP government has continuously expanded the program to provide financial assistance to elderly people living below the poverty line.

Rastriya Vayoshri Yojana (2017)

This scheme was launched to provide senior citizens with physical aids and assistive devices to improve their quality of life. It is targeted at elderly people from economically weaker sections.

Atal Pension Yojana (APY) (2015)

While this is mainly targeted at workers in the unorganized sector, it also benefits older workers by providing them a fixed pension after retirement.

2. Policies for Youth
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) (2015)

This skill development scheme aims to empower the youth by providing them with industry-recognized certification and skills. It is intended to improve employability among young people.

Startup India Scheme (2016)

Aimed at fostering entrepreneurship, this initiative offers several incentives like tax exemptions, easier regulations, and funding support for young entrepreneurs to launch new businesses.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) (2015)

This scheme provides financial support for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). It is aimed at young entrepreneurs, offering loans at minimal interest rates to set up businesses.

National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) (2016)

This scheme aims to provide apprenticeship opportunities for young people to gain skills and work experience in various sectors.

3. Policies for the Education Sector
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Yojana (2015)

A scheme focused on improving the education and welfare of girls. It provides financial assistance to the families of girls for their education, aiming to increase female enrollment in schools.

National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) (2015)

This framework ranks institutions across India on various parameters like teaching, learning, and research, aiming to improve the overall quality of higher education in India.

Swachh Vidyalaya Abhiyan (2014)

Launched to provide clean toilets to every school in India, this initiative also focuses on improving the overall infrastructure of educational institutions.

Pradhan Mantri Innovative Learning Program (2015)

An initiative to promote innovative learning methods, including digital learning and making education accessible to remote areas through online platforms.

National Education Policy (NEP) 2020

Although the policy was formally approved in 2020, it includes reforms such as promoting multidisciplinary education, encouraging vocational education, and the introduction of early childhood care and education. It aims to overhaul the entire education system in India.

4. Policies for the Medical Sector
Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) – Ayushman Bharat (2018)

One of the largest health insurance schemes in the world, PMJAY provides coverage of up to ₹5 lakh per family for secondary and tertiary healthcare for families living below the poverty line. It aims to provide universal healthcare to the underserved population.

Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (2021)

Launched to strengthen healthcare infrastructure across the country, particularly in rural areas, by developing medical colleges, district hospitals, and public health centers.

National Health Policy (2017)

This policy focused on improving healthcare access, quality, and affordability across the nation. It laid down a roadmap to increase public health expenditure and promote a holistic approach to health.

PM CARES Fund (2020)

The government established this fund to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and assist the healthcare sector in providing medical supplies and support to frontline workers.

5. Policies for Poor People
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) (2015)

The scheme aims to provide affordable housing for the urban poor, targeting the construction of 20 million houses by 2022. The government provides financial assistance and subsidies for low-income families to construct or purchase homes.

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) (2016)

Aimed at providing free LPG connections to families below the poverty line, this initiative helps improve health by reducing indoor air pollution caused by traditional cooking methods.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)

Though introduced before 2014, the BJP government has significantly expanded its reach and funds under the scheme, ensuring 100 days of wage employment to rural households.

Public Distribution System (PDS) and One Nation One Ration Card (2020)

This policy allows beneficiaries to get subsidized food grains under the National Food Security Act (NFSA) from anywhere in the country. The One Nation One Ration Card scheme enables portability of ration across states, ensuring the poor have access to food security.

Pradhan Mantri Sharm Yogi Maan-Dhan Yojana (2019)

A pension scheme aimed at unorganized sector workers such as street vendors, construction workers, and others, providing them with a fixed monthly pension after the age of 60.